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(No Model.) 5 snap -Sheet 1.

0, TH AOKERAY. IN GINERATOR.

No. 553,574. Paten gvwamtoz (No'ModeL) 5 Sheets-Sheet s.

C. THAOKBRAY. INGINERATOR.

Patented Jan. 28, 1896.

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' INGINERA'TOR.

PatentedJan, 28, 1896.

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(No Model.)

5 Sheets-Sheet 5.

(No Model.)

0. THAGKERAY.

INGINERATOR.

' N0. 553,574. Patented Jan. 28, 1896.

5 W I M MM AN DREW B.GRAHAM,PROTO LrmorwAsmum'on. 0.6

NITED STATES.

PATENT OFFICE CHARLES THACKERAY, OF MONTREAL, CANADA.

INCINERATOR.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 553,574, dated January28, 1896.

Application filed July 30, 1894. Serial No. 518,919. (No model.) 7

- To aZZ whom it may concern:

Be it known that LCHARLES THACKERAY, of the city of Montreal, in thedistrict of Montreal and Province of Quebec, Canada, have inventedcertain new and useful Improvements in Incinerators; and I do herebydeclare that the following is afull, clear, and exact description of thesame.

This invention relates to structures wherein garbage and general refuseare consumed, and has for its object to secure improvements both asconcerns the rapid and complete consumption of the garbage itself andthe products of combustion more or less. as well as in the killing ofthe microbes and the destruction of the septic poisons contained in thegarbage to prevent their passing out of the incinerator again, andfurthermore the arrangement is such that a very large horse power ofmechanical energy, in the form of superheated steam, can be derived fromthe apparatus.

By my invention, also, a complete control of the products of combustionis secured, with resultant advantages in the operation of theincinerator.

The invention consists in the several arrangements and combinations ofparts hereinafter described and pointed out in the claims, and for fullcomprehension thereof reference must be had 'to the annexed drawings,forming a part of this specification, in which like symbols indicatecorresponding parts, and wherein- Figure 1 is a longitudinal verticalsection throughout the incinerator proper, chimney, and covering orroot; Fig. 2, a horizontal section on line 1 1, Fig. 1, looking in thedirection indicated; Fig. 3, an enlargedhorizontal section of theincinerator proper on line 0000, Fig. 1, looking in the directionindicated; Fig. 4, an enlarged detail vertical sectional view taken Lonline 3 and looking in the direction indicated in Fig. 8, showing one ofthe auxiliary cells and the connection of one of the main cells with oneof the auxiliary fiues. Fig. 5 is a transverse vertical section of theincinerator proper, taken on line 2 2, Fig. 1.

The incinerator is constructed to secure a variable system ofcirculation or alternative circuits for the products of combustionwhereby they may be directed either by a short way to the chimney orhave the extent of their travel lengthened for the pur pose ofsubjecting the products to prolonged action of the heat, and to this endI prefer to build a main horizontal fine a, extending throughout thefull length of the incinerator to the chimney b, and provided with avertically-sliding damper a having suitable means for raising andlowering it, and three parallel auxiliary flues c, d and e, the one 0being situated beneath the main fine a and of a like length, whilethose, (1 and e, are situated along the sides of the fine 0, but areshorter in length than such flue.

The ends of the auxiliary flucs d c nearest the chimney are incommunication with the main flue through openings ff, and at theiropposite ends with the central auxiliary flue c by openings g g, whileopenings h and j, respectively, furnished with dampers h j, are arrangedbetween the flue c and main flue a, the opening h being near the chimneyand the opening j at a point near the openings f, but between them andthe opening 71-, and sufficiently far from the latter to leave spacefor-a boiler 75, which I prefer to use for purposes to be presentlymentioned.

. Along each side of the incinerator contiguous to the auxiliary fiues(Z and e is arranged a series of furnaces or consuming-cells preferablycomposed of main cells Z and auxiliary cells min alternate order, themain cells communicating through flues Z directly with the main fiue a,and the auxiliary cells communicatin g with the main cells on each sidethrough openings m in the dividing walls between them. The main cellscan also have communication with the auxiliary fiues d 6 throughdamper-controlled openings Z and passages or spaces Z above the tops ofthe auxiliary cells and leading to openings Z' in the tops of suchauxiliary flues; but in this case it is necessary to close the dampers asituated in the flues l.

The use of separate auxiliary cells in which all the more inflammablematter can be burned secures a better consumption of the lessinflammable garbage placed in the main cells as the hot gases andproducts are taken into the main cells to assist their fire and gases.

The main cells are supplied through chutes Z located in theconnecting-fines Z between such main cells and the main flue a, suchchutes being of less width than the fines, and their upper ends are inhopper form and fitted'in openings in an upper flooring or platform Z,covering the incinerator proper. The chutes are closed by suitablehinged covers I, preferably provided with counterbalance lifting devicesZ and being situated as they are in the hottest flues the fresh garbageis subjected to intense heat and considerably dried before reaching thefurnace, the elongation of the chute being also conducive to aretardation to some extent of the travel of the garbage through it.

The auxiliary cells are supplied similarly to any ordinary furnacesthrough the firedoors thereof.

l have shown the main cells as provided with fire-grates composed inpart of stationary bars Z and rocking bars Z the latter constructed andoperating as set forth in an application for United States Patent filedJuly 5, 1894, under Serial No. 516,679, which arrangements allow of themost garbage entering the combustion-chamber being detained for a shorttime upon the stationary grate portion before reaching the rocking grateportion, thus securing the complete drying thereof, avoid any necessityfor opening the furnacedoors for clinkering purposes, and consequentlyprevent the escape of foul odors and gases.

It will be noticed that the lines Z between the main cells and the mainflue a are wider at the end adjoining the cell than at its opposite end,this being for the purpose of providing a space or chamber '2" where anaccumulation of hot gases will take place, and also where such gaseswill be free to expand so that as the fresh garbage is fed in thesegases (in tensified in heat by their expansion) are drawn down throughthe garbage, thus drying it very rapidly and so facilitating itscombustion.

To assist the combustion in the main cells, I arrange for theintroduction of quantities of air in a natural way (as by the suctioncaused by the draft of the chimney) through fines or formed in eachdividingavall between the auxiliary and main cells, such flues lead ingfrom openings 91 in the sides of the incinerator inward and upward toopenings at in the walls at a point above the rear portion of thefirc-gratcs of the main cells, as shown in l1ig. 5.

It is also found desirable at times to use an air-blast to assist theconsumption in the main cells, and for this purpose main lengths 0 ofpiping, extending from any suitable pumping or blowing apparatus, (notshoWn,) are laid upon supports 0 in the auxiliary flues cl 6, and havebranches 0 passing through openings o in the sides of the fines intochambers 0 in rear of the auxiliary cells, the ends of the branchesterminating in T-sections, so as to communicate with the main cells oneach side of the chambers 0 through inlets o in the side walls of thecells, preferably con trolled by sliding dampers o operated from theoutside of the incinerator.

In order to provide a supply of superheated steam for use in killing themicrobes and destroying the septic poisons contained in the garbage Iuse the boiler 7t, before mentioned, located in the main flue a near thechimney beyond the damper a and between the damper-controlled openings handj from the flue 0,

.so that should it be desired to cut off such boiler at any time thedampers a and j would be closed, thus compelling the hot gases to passthrough the openings ff to and through auxiliary flues (Z c and openings9 g, auxiliary flue c and damper-controlled opening h to the chimneyinstead of through the flue a and the tubes of the boiler. The supply ofsuperheated steam derived from the boiler 7a is distributed by a systemof pipes 7t" to each main cell, entering them through branch nozzles 7&from the front at a point over the firegrate. As it is only necessary tointroduce the superheated steam into the furnace when the garbage isfirst introduced this supply, as Well as any superfluous amount, can beutilized for the running of electrical or other plants, thus affording asource of revenue tending to'offset to a considerable extent the cost ofoperating the incinerator.

lVhat I claim is as follows:

1. An incinerator having a main flue for the products of combustion;auxiliary flues running parallel thereto; suitably controlledcommunicating passages between the main and auxiliary flues; series offurnaces and combustion chambers laterally adjoining the auxiliaryfines; main transverse communicating passages, suitably controlled,between said combustion chambers and the main flue; and auxiliarytransverse communicating passages, suitably controlled, between saidcombustion chambers and said auxiliary lines, for the purpose set forth.

2. An incinerator having a main fine for the products of combustion, aseries of main furnaces and combustion chambers laterally adjoining saidflue; suitably controlled main and auxiliary transverse communicatingpassages between the combustion chambers and said flue, and a series ofauxiliary furnaces or cells communicating with said main cells, for thepurpose set forth.

3. An incinerator having a main flue for the products of combustion; aseries of main furnaces and combustion chambers laterally adjoining saidflue; suitablycontrolled tran sverse communicating passages between theconibustion chambers and said flue; and a series of auxiliary cellsarranged in alternate order with said main furnaces and communieating oneach side with same, for the purpose set forth.

4. An incinerator having a ground floor and ioo IIO

an upper floor, a main horizontal flue, for the products of combustion;one or more furnaces and combustion chambers laterally adjoining saidflue, to receive the garbage; a suitably controlled inclined andelongated transverse communicating passage or passages for the productsof combustion extending between the combustion chamber and said flue andpresenting an inclined bearing surface, and an inclined garbage receiveror chute located in said transverse passage or passages, supported uponsaid bearing surface, and having its receiving end flush with the upperfloor for the purpose set forth.

5. In an incinerator having one or more furnaces to receive the garbageand communicating with a tapering flue leading to the chimney thereof, agarbage receiver or chute located in the tapering flue, through whichthe products of combustion pass, and being elongated and of a lesssectional area than said flue and with its receiving end located in thenarrow end of the flue and its delivery end in the wider end thereof forthe purpose set forth.

6. In an incinerator having a main flue and one or more furnaces toreceive the garbage and a tapering communicating passage leading fromsuch furnace to the main flue for the passage of the products ofcombustion therefrom, said communicating passage being larger at its endadjoining said furnace than at its opposite end and having its roof outof line above that of the furnace to form a chamber r, and a garbagereceiver or chute located in said tapering communicating passage, forthe'purpose set forth.

7. In an incinerator having one or more f urnaces to receive the garbageand a tapering flue leading from such furnace for the passage of theproducts of comb ustion therefrom, said flue being larger at its endadjoining said furnace than at its opposite end and having its roof outof line above that of the furnace to form a chamber 0", and a garbagereceiver or chute located in said flue and being of a less sectionalareathan said flue, for the purpose set forth.

8. An incinerator having a main horizontal flue, for the products ofcombustion, a chimney located at one end of same, a central auxiliaryflue and outer auxiliary flues running parallel with the main flue;suitably controlled communicating passages between said centralauxiliary flue and main flue; series of furnaces and combustion chamberslaterally adjoining the outer auxiliary flues; main transversecommunicating passages, suitably controlled, between said combustionchambers and the main flue; auxiliary transverse communicating passages,suitably controlled, between said combustion chambers and said auxiliaryflues; and series of auxiliary furnaces or cells arranged inalternateorder with said main furnaces and communicating on each side with same,for the purpose set forth.

9. An incinerator having a main horizontal flue for the products ofcombustion, a chimney located at one end of same, a central auxiliaryflue and outer auxiliary flues running parallel with the main flue;suitably controlled communicating passages between said centralauxiliary flue and main flue; series of furnaces and combustion chamberslaterally adjoining the outer auxiliary flues; main transversecommunicating passages, suitably controlled, between said combustionchambers and the main flue; auxiliary transverse communicating passages,suitably controlled, between said combustion chambers and said auxiliaryflues; series of auxiliary furnaces or cells arranged in alternate orderwith said mainv furnaces and communicating on each side with same; andsuitable conductors arranged in said flues for conveying a blast to theinteriors of such furnaces as and for the purposes set forth.

10. An incinerator having a mainhorizontal flue for the products ofcombustion; a chimney located at one end of same; a central auxiliaryflue and outer auxiliary flues running parallel with the main flue;suitably controlled communicating passages between said centralauxiliary flue and main flue; series of furnaces and combustion chamberslaterally adjoining the outer auxiliary flues; main transversecommunicating passages, suitably controlled, between said combustionchambers and the main flue; auxiliary transverse communicating passages,suitably controlled, between said combustion chambers and said auxiliaryflues; series of auxiliary furnaces or cells arranged in alternate orderwith said main furnaces and communicating on each side with same; asteam boiler located in said main flue and suitable conductors connectedwith said boiler and serving to convey superheated steam to saidfurnaces or cells, for the purposes set forth.

11. An incinerator having a main horizontal flue for the products ofcombustion; a chimney located at one end of same, an auxiliary fluerunning parallel with and beneath'the main flue, series of furnaces andcombustion chambers laterally adjoining the flues and in communicationtherewith; suitably controlled communicating passages between saidauxiliary flue and main flue, and a damper for controlling the latterand a steam boiler located in said main flue intermediate of saiddamper'and the chimney forthe purpose set forth.

Montreal, 13th day of July, 1894:.

CHARLES THACKERAY.

In presence of- WILL P. MoFEA'r, FRED. J. SEARS.

